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Jamestown, Virginia was established as an English colony. Although Jamestown was not England’s first North American colony, it was the first successful one and is the most commonly known and celebrated. Twelve years after it was settled, Jamestown became the first recorded location of the African slave trade in Colonial America, when a Dutch ship sold twenty Africans to English settlers as Indentured Servants. Black and white indentured servants often suffered and resisted oppressive conditions together until a 1670 law sentenced African indentured servants to life-long enslavement, simultaneously institutionalizing black chattel slavery, as well as white privilege.